A pneumatic valve is a component used to control the flow of air in a pneumatic system. In such systems, compressed air is used to control machines, cylinders, or tools. The valve determines exactly where, when, and how much air flows through the system. The function of a valve is to control and direct the compressed air. Depending on the application, a pneumatic valve can allow air to pass through, shut it off, change its direction, or regulate the pressure and speed of the air flow. This allows pneumatic valves to be used as control valves, regulating valves, or even safety valves. In dangerous situations, they can automatically shut off the air supply or depressurize the system completely to prevent damage or injury.
Each valve essentially consists of three main components:
1. Connections (ports) Valves usually have 2, 3, or 5 ports.
2. Housing with switching mechanism The housing contains the mechanism that directs the compressed air to the correct port. Depending on the type of valve and the application, different switching techniques can be used, such as slide valves, poppet valves, or diaphragm valves.
3. control The control ensures that the valve switches at the right moment. This can be done in various ways:
Pneumatic valves are distinguished based on the number of connections (ports) and the number of switching positions. In addition, the type of control plays a role: valves can be monostable or bistable, and function as NO (normally open) or NC (normally closed). The various valves can be used to perform different functions in a pneumatic system.
3/2 Valve
A 3/2 valve has three ports: one for the supply (1), one for the working (2), and one for the exhaust (3). The valve has two switching positions. Because there is only one working outlet, this valve can only fill one chamber with compressed air. This makes the valve suitable for single-acting cylinders, where the return stroke is achieved mechanically, for example with a spring.
5/2 Valve
Like the 3/2 valve, a 5/2 valve has two switching positions, but has five ports: one for supply, two for work (4), and two for venting (5). This allows both chambers of an actuator to be vented and deaerated, providing complete control over both sides of the cylinder. With a 5/2 valve, it is therefore possible to achieve a movement that is completely pneumatic.
5/3 Valve
A 5/3 valve has the same number of ports as the 5/2 variant, but has an additional switching position: the middle position. This position offers an uncontrolled position and is often used in safety-critical systems.
There are three types of center position:
What is the difference between a 3/2 and a 5/2 valve?
A 3/2 valve is used with single-acting cylinders, where only one chamber is filled with
compressed air and the return stroke is mechanical. A 5/2 valve is used with double-acting cylinders, where both chambers are supplied with air for full forward and return movement. A 5/3 valve has an additional middle position and is used when a cylinder must remain in position, be balanced, or be depressurized, for example in safety-critical or positioning
systems.
Normally Closed (NC) and Normally Open (NO)
Note the difference with electrical systems: in electricity, NC means that the circuit is closed and therefore current is flowing. In pneumatics, you think in terms of ports. Open or closed for pneumatic applications, whereas in electricity you think in terms of bridges. Open or closed for current.
Mono- and bi-stable valves
In addition to the control method, the number of controls also plays a role in the operation of a valve. There are monostable (single) and bistable (double) versions.
Monostable valve
A monostable valve has a single control. When energized, the valve switches, and as soon as the control is released, it automatically returns to its rest position, usually by means of a spring or air pressure.
Bistable valve
A bistable valve has two controls. It switches with a short pulse and remains in that position until the second control is activated. This allows the valve to remain stable in both positions, which is useful in applications where the position must be maintained in the event of a power failure or emergency stop.
There are various types of pneumatic valves, each with a specific function within an air-controlled system. These include pressure control valves, check valves, throttle valves, solenoid valves, and changeover valves. A throttle valve regulates the speed of a cylinder by limiting or controlling the air flow, allowing pneumatic actuators to perform movements with greater precision. A solenoid valve is electrically controlled by an electromagnet and can quickly open or close a valve, enabling automation and precise timing of the air supply. A changeover valve directs compressed air from one outlet to another, depending on the switch position, and is often used to operate double-acting cylinders in two directions, for example. By combining these different valves, pneumatic systems can be controlled efficiently, reliably, and safely.
In a world where industrial automation and production automation are becoming increasingly important, cobots (collaborative robots) play a key role. But what exactly are cobots? And how can companies in Belgium already start using them today?
Cobots are collaborative robots that work safely alongside humans. They support employees by taking over repetitive or heavy tasks such as moving parts , operating machines, or performing precision work. Thanks to their flexibility and
user-friendliness, they are ideal for both large production lines and SMEs that are committed to robot automation.
A cobot only becomes truly useful with the right end-of-arm tooling. These are the grippers, suction cups, or customized modules that determine what task the robot arm can perform. At LDA nv, we offer a wide range of standard solutions and custom end-of-arm tooling, fully tailored to the customer’s needs. Components such as a robot gripper for small to heavy applications or smart vacuum systems.
Cobots are often used in combination with robot CNC applications such as a mini CNC. This allows companies to speed up their production processes while improving quality. With a well-chosen handling robot or robot arm, loading, unloading, or assembly becomes simple and efficient.
There are also Universal Robots cobots!
At LDA, we work with well-known brands. Yaskawa robots are renowned worldwide for their reliability and power. Whether it’s precision, speed, or versatility, there’s always a solution that fits your process.
A cobot or robot arm only becomes truly efficient with the right gripper. For this purpose, we offer a wide range of end-of-arm tooling: pneumatic grippers to advanced vacuum technology. This allows us to provide the right solution for every task.
You can find the pneumatic grippers in our catalog, but here are a few examples:
In addition to grippers, we also offer vacuum solutions:
Because no two production processes are the same, LDA also offers custom end-of-arm tooling. Think of unique grippers or vacuum modules that fit your product or process perfectly. This allows you to get the most out of your handling robot, Universal robot, or Yaskawa robots. With our combination of grippers, vacuum systems, and customization, we ensure that your collaborative robots and robot arms perform optimally in every phase of automation.
More possibilities: whether you want to assemble small parts or move heavy pieces, we always have the right solution.
Greater accuracy: your processes become more consistent and error-free, ideal for CNC applications or precision work.
Faster production: less downtime and higher cycle speeds provide an immediate boost to your output.
Flexible response to changes: do you often change products or formats? With our custom end-of-arm tooling and variable vacuum pumps, your production will always remain agile.
Belgium has many robotics companies, but LDA nv stands out thanks to its personal service and comprehensive range. We guide customers from advice to implementation. Whether you opt for a cobot, a Yaskawa solution, or a complete robot automation project, we ensure that your investment pays off.
LDA is expanding its product range for water treatment plants and related water monitoring and treatment units in industrial plants.
Our partner Euroswitch provides high-quality analog pressure, level and temperature sensors and switches. Euroswitch Longvale has these solutions for ATEX environments. Digital sensors and switches are also available through LDA.
Thermoplastic valves and regulators for chemicals, water, wastewater and ultra-pure liquids.
The full range of Plast-O-Matic components is the reference in the U.S. market for all applications involving chemicals, water, wastewater and ultra-pure liquids.
Water/wastewater treatment systems rely on Plast-O-Matic products for pump protection and system efficiency, chemical injection, precise pressure and flow control, air extraction, degassing and vacuum deaeration, pulsation damping and anti-siphon protection.
Plast-O-Matic valves are designed for ultimate performance in cleanliness, corrosion resistance, reliability and longevity…four critical factors in any water/wastewater treatment system.
LDA has a wide range of liquid valves and for water treatment plants to meet our customers’ every need. Click here for more specific information on liquid valves.
Removable inflatable plugs can be used as a safety measure when servicing pipelines and drainage systems. Possible applications include water tightness testing, cleaning operations and leak tightness testing.
Our fixed anti-pollution stoppers act as environmental protection to contain accidental pollution. They are permanently installed in the upper part of pipes thanks to their patented system and can be easily activated manually or by remote control, like telephones or fire alarm systems.
Another emergency drain stopper designed specifically for fires are Landon Kingsway’s free-fall fire extinguisher valves. They offer a compact, leak-proof mechanism with positive action that can be installed in both horizontal and vertical piping on oil or other non-aggressive media.
LDA, solutions for life
LDA has specialized in industrial automation for more than 55 years. LDA supplies a wide range of products for pneumatics, electromechanical automation, shock absorption, vibration isolation, industrial connections and network systems in Belgium and Luxembourg. LDA specializes in niche markets and has the technical expertise to support our customers to excel in their domain, check out our technical catalog.
AirSweep MAX: Innovation in bulk materials treatment
At LDA, we follow the latest technological developments in bulk materials handling. Recently, our supplier Control Concepts Inc. introduced the improved version of the AirSweep system: the AirSweep MAX. This new technology offers significant improvements over the previous version and delivers powerful benefits for companies working with bulk materials.
What is the AirSweep MAX?
The AirSweep MAX (Material Activation Xcellence) is the latest innovation in the AirSweep system. It is used worldwide to prevent problems such as bridging, ratholing and other forms of material accumulation in silos and storage systems. This advanced version offers up to 52% better performance and provides more efficient flow of materials. The AirSweep MAX uses more powerful air pulses and improved airflow, facilitating the movement of even the stickiest materials.
Important benefits of the AirSweep MAX:
• Improved performance: The AirSweep MAX delivers 52% more output and 31% more air output than the original AirSweep system. This increases material flow efficiency.
• Lower costs: The system uses less energy and compressed air, lowering operating costs without sacrificing performance.
• Durability: The AirSweep MAX is designed to the highest standards for quality and reliability, ensuring longer system life.
• Easy installation: The new system is fully compatible with existing AirSweep installations, making upgrades easy.
• Reliable warranty: The seven-year warranty on the AirSweep MAX is the longest in the industry, underscoring the reliability of this product.
In manufacturing companies, there is a high probability that machines cause a lot of vibration in the surrounding area. This can be annoying for staff, cause malfunctions in other machines, and even damage the surrounding infrastructure. Vibration isolation prevents these problems. LDA offers the best solutions for this, including high-quality vibration dampers. Vibration dampers come in different sizes: M6, M8, M10, LDA Belgium has them all!
Vibration isolation reduces the transmission of unwanted vibrations and shocks. This ensures:
FIRESTONE Industrial Products Company (FSIP) specializes in air springs and has over 80 years of experience in developing advanced solutions. Firestone Rubber Marsh Mellows® feature a reinforced textile layer, making these isolators extremely reliable.
ITT Enidine’s wire rope insulators have an all-metal construction and are resistant to extreme temperatures, chemicals, oils, and abrasive substances. These properties make them ideal for heavy industrial applications.
Making the right choice
When selecting vibration dampers, factors such as load, mounting points, frequency range, and desired noise reduction are important. Together with our customers, LDA determines the best solution and provides a complete design with all the necessary specifications. Together with our customers, LDA determines the best options from the above product ranges, creates the design for mounting the isolators, and provides all necessary operational details (e.g., required air pressure for the air springs).
Have a look at our products, and give us a call for more information!
Stable, Reliable Performance in a Small Shock Absorber Package
Enidine PXR Series small bore non-adjustable hydraulic shock absorbers can accommodate a large array of energy input conditions. This new expanded line of tamperproof industrial shock absorbers provides consistent performance, cycle after cycle. The new PXR models are designed to absorb maximum energy within a compact envelope size while providing you with stable performance over the life of the product.
The PXR Series uses a self-compensating design to provide energy absorption in low velocity and high drive force applications. The PXR Series also includes the added benefit of corrosion-resistant, nickel-plated components and positive stop capabilities. Models can accommodate a wide range of operating conditions with varying masses or propelling forces.
